Connection between metallic filaments and feed-wires of electric incandescent lamps.



I F. HANAMAN. CONNECTION BETWEEN METALLIC FILAMENTS AND FEED WIRES OF ELECTRIC INGANDESGENT LAMPS.

APPLICATION FILED KAY 20, 1909.

" 1,046,780. Patented Dec. 10, 1912 Hoar/M016 1 66a! Mfg INVENTOR WTNESSES: Q I

' for/2411's feed wires.

- can be used are those of copper, manganese,-

-. HANAMA'N, or BUDAPEST, aos'rn IA-HVIJNGARY, nssrcnon. 'ro GENERAL ELEQTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION 01? NEW YORK.

4 comcrron nnrwnnn' nnrannrc rILAiuENrs AND FEED-wines or ELECTRIC CANDESCENT LAMPS.

- Specification of Letters Patent.

- Patented Dec. 10, 1912.

Application filed May 20, 1909. Serial No. 497,177.

To all whom it may coacema Be itknown that I, FnANz HANAMAN a subject of the King of Hungary, and a resident of Budapest, -A.ustr1a-Hungary, have invented certain new and useful Im- E ovements in ConnectionsBetween Metallic ila meni's and Feed-W'ires ofEl'ectric Incandescent Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

In .the manufacture of electric incandes cent lamps provided with metal filaments,

it.is important to secure a good electrical connection between the filament andthe feed for leading-in wires. 1 This connection must notonly roduce a' firm mechanical joint between t 1e filament and wires, but must provide at'the sametime a good elec-' trical conductivity so that any considerable resistance to the current is avoided. Various metallic connections have been hitherto proposed.

The, present invention relates to a connection 'between such filament and feed wires, and to the rocess of making the same, such connection ing formed of amaterial which has metallic properties without being a metal. I have found that the, phosphids of various metals in-la molten or ,sintered condition form a very firm connection of cod conductivity between the aments an the Among the 'phosphids which nickel, cobalt, chromium, molybdenum,

tungsten, gold and latinum. These phos-.

phids are distin uis ed by their comparatively easy fusibi ity as well-as theiwresist- .ance to oxidation; they have also a ood electrical conductivity 'which'e'nables t em to form an excellent solder for maln'iig the connection between the ends of the filameni and the feed wires in a very simple manner.

Any suitable method of forming the ,con-

nection may be used, but I prefer the following:'-The finely divided phosphids of one or more of the above-mentioned metals are triturated with a little water, or better still with some other liquid evaporating without any residue, such as'xylol, etc. until a pasteis formed which is applied to the end of the filament'and feed wire in such quantig knot obtained has the a very short time, perhaps a fraction. of a peratures up to about 80 (1., when they may -1f des1re d be placed in a suitably arran ed glass receptacle in which there are reducing or indifferent gases, such as hydrogen, etc. Here the sintering or melting of the soldering knots takes place in the manner wellknown, that is, with the aid of the electric .current or are.

'A most importantadvantage, however, is

that the connection can be made in the open air. lVhile the phosphidsmentioned may be'ca'pable of oxidation when-heated for a length of time in the presence of air, I have found that during the brief time required no appreciable oxidation takes place. This is of particular value'with metallic filament lamps, since the resenoe of 'oxids in the bulb is very disa vantageous, as they deposit themselves on the {glass and interfere .with the illuminating efiic iencgeof the lamp.

Good connections may also obtained by rubbing finely divided phosphids with an addition of finely divided oxids or hydroxids ofmetals, such as copper, manganese, nickel, cobalt, eh romc, m olybdenum, tungsten,

gold and platinum in moist condition until a material suitable for coating is formedwhich is then appliedto the connecting joint. The soldering knot is then melted or. sintered in the manner above described.

It will be understood that .the precise physical properties of the solder connection, and particularly the raising or lowerin of the melting point thereof, differ according as the phosphids of the difi'erent'metals are used alone or mixedwith each other. Thes 0 physical properties also change with the alloys or mixtures of the phosphids, .if the metals mentioned are used. Although gold. plmspllid is considered a compound which. can be decomposed by heat, a very considerable decomposition does not take place in the present instance because the heat/of the phosphid'at the connection joint lasts" but second.

In the drawing I have illustrated my invention somewhat diagrammatically. The drawingrepresents an ordinary lamp bulb with a standard or holder and metallic filaments strung u on the holder, each filament being connecte with a feed wire. I have used the term feed wire herein to indicate any wire to which the metal filament is connected. Such connection is usually electrical as well as mechanical, although. in

- Correction in Letters Patent No. 1,046,780.

certain instances it may be mechanical only while in other instances the main purpose of the connection may be to.establish anelectrieal connection. 7 5

While I have described in' detail the preferred form of my invention, it will be understood that I do not wish to be limited thereto, as many changes may be made therein without departing from the invention. It will also be understoodthat while I have indicated certain phosphids which are used by me, I do not wish to be limited to these specific phosphids. While the invention is of most importance with metallic filament lamps, -it is also applicable to lamps with carbon and other filaments.

What I claim is 1. A joint between a filament and a feed. V

[scan] said Letters Patent should he read with this correction therein that the Signed and sealed this -lth day of February, A. D., 1913.

wire, comprising a substance containing a .ph'osphid of a metal.

2. A 'oint between .ametailicfilament and a feed wire, comprising a substance containing a phosphidof a metal.

taining a pho'sphid of a metal.

4.' The combination in an incandescent lamp of a metallic filament, a feed wire, and

a joint comprising a phosphid ofa metal i connectin g said filament and feed wire.

" In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two sub- 35 scribing witnesses.

- FRANZ HANAMAN.

Witnesses: t

"EUGENE V. MYERS, WILLIAM F. MARTINEZ.

It hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. L'MGJBO, granted December 1912, upon the =1 31a-=1an0f Franz Hanamim, 0t Budapest,A ustria-Hnngary,tor an improvement in Unmet-lions Between:Metallie-Filaments and Reedires of lilotrii- In andescent Lamps, an error appears in\the printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page 1, line 14, for the word for read or; and that'the same may "conform to the record of the case in the Patent Oflice;

' ole. Y'BILLYIVNGS,

Acti g Commissioner 0 Patents.

is connected. Such connection is usually electrical as well as mechanical, although. in

- Correction in Letters Patent No. 1,046,780.

certain instances it may be mechanical only while in other instances the main purpose of the connection may be to.establish anelectrieal connection. 7 5

While I have described in' detail the preferred form of my invention, it will be understood that I do not wish to be limited thereto, as many changes may be made therein without departing from the invention. It will also be understoodthat while I have indicated certain phosphids which are used by me, I do not wish to be limited to these specific phosphids. While the invention is of most importance with metallic filament lamps, -it is also applicable to lamps with carbon and other filaments.

What I claim is 1. A joint between a filament and a feed. V

[scan] said Letters Patent should he read with this correction therein that the Signed and sealed this -lth day of February, A. D., 1913.

wire, comprising a substance containing a .ph'osphid of a metal.

2. A 'oint between .ametailicfilament and a feed wire, comprising a substance containing a phosphidof a metal.

taining a pho'sphid of a metal.

4.' The combination in an incandescent lamp of a metallic filament, a feed wire, and

a joint comprising a phosphid ofa metal i connectin g said filament and feed wire.

" In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two sub- 35 scribing witnesses.

- FRANZ HANAMAN.

Witnesses: t

"EUGENE V. MYERS, WILLIAM F. MARTINEZ.

It hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. L'MGJBO, granted December 1912, upon the =1 31a-=1an0f Franz Hanamim, 0t Budapest,A ustria-Hnngary,tor an improvement in Unmet-lions Between:Metallie-Filaments and Reedires of lilotrii- In andescent Lamps, an error appears in\the printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page 1, line 14, for the word for read or; and that'the same may "conform to the record of the case in the Patent Oflice;

' ole. Y'BILLYIVNGS,

Acti g Commissioner 0 Patents. 

